When conducting a literature review, why are empirical research reports considered particularly useful to researchers?

To ensure a study is sufficiently original, a researcher conducting a literature review should avoid adopting the data collection methodologies published in previous empirical reports.

Researchers use existing empirical reports to guide the development of their own studies. Match each research scenario with the correct application of the utility provided by these reports.

A researcher is planning a new psychological study and is currently conducting a literature search. Arrange the following steps in the correct order to represent the analytical process of using existing reports to determine the study's measurement methodology.

According to standard practice in psychological research, what is the most appropriate way to determine a study's measurement methodology during a literature search?

Researchers utilize empirical reports during a literature search to gain practical insights into how to structure their own studies. Match each aspect of an empirical report's utility to the specific insight it provides for a researcher.

When evaluating a researcher's decision to develop a brand-new measurement tool rather than adopting an existing one found in empirical reports, psychological research standards dictate that the researcher must provide a(n) _____ reason to justify this departure from standard practice.

Dr. Lin is designing a study on the relationship between social media usage and self-esteem in adolescents. During his literature search, he finds multiple empirical reports that successfully measured self-esteem using the well-established Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Dr. Lin decides to reject this established measure and create his own unvalidated self-esteem questionnaire from scratch because he believes that doing so makes his study more unique, despite having no scientific objections to the Rosenberg scale. Dr. Lin's decision is consistent with standard methodological practices in psychological research.

Dr. Rowan is conducting a literature search on the relationship between sleep deprivation and cognitive performance. He identifies two empirical research reports:

• Report A: Measures cognitive performance using a complex, 2-hour laboratory-based attention task.
• Report B: Measures cognitive performance using a brief, 5-minute online reaction-time test.

Dr. Rowan's own study is constrained to a 10-minute online session per participant. Based on an analysis of the utility of empirical reports, how should Dr. Rowan proceed with selecting his measurement methodology?

A central principle in psychological research is to adopt methodologies that other researchers have successfully used in empirical reports, unless there is a compelling reason to develop a new approach.

Evaluate the decisions of the following three researchers and arrange their actions in order from most methodologically justified (Order 1) to least methodologically justified (Order 3).