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For reinforcement to be effective, the timing of the consequence is critical. The reinforcer should be presented immediately following the target behavior. This prompt delivery helps the subject establish a clear and strong association between their specific action and the subsequent reward, which is essential for strengthening the learning process. For instance, when training a dog to sit, the treat should be given the moment the dog sits.

Immediacy of Reinforcement

A dog owner is trying to teach their puppy not to jump on guests. Every time a guest arrives and the puppy refrains from jumping for a full minute, the owner gives the puppy a special treat at the end of the guest's visit, which is usually an hour later. Despite several weeks of this training, the puppy continues to jump on new arrivals. What is the most likely reason this training method is ineffective?

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