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The alarm reaction is the initial stage of the General Adaptation Syndrome, representing the body's immediate physiological response to a perceived threat. This phase is characterized by the activation of the sympathetic nervous system, which triggers the release of adrenaline from the adrenal glands. This hormonal surge initiates the fight-or-flight response, leading to physiological changes like an accelerated heart rate and increased respiration. Concurrently, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis also becomes active to help manage the stressor.

General Adaptation Syndrome: Alarm Reaction

An individual who is awakened in the middle of the night by the discovery that their house is on fire is experiencing the alarm reaction stage of the General Adaptation Syndrome.

Example of General Adaptation Syndrome Alarm Reaction: House Fire

A person is hiking in the woods and suddenly comes face-to-face with a large bear. In the first few moments after seeing the bear, which of the following physiological responses would be most characteristic of the body's immediate reaction to this perceived threat?

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