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A researcher notices that Theory A predicts participants will perform better on a memory task under noisy conditions, while Theory B predicts they will perform worse. She designs a single experiment to test both predictions at once. If the results show that participants performed worse under noisy conditions, this outcome would provide evidence supporting Theory B while simultaneously counting as evidence against Theory A.
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Research Methods in Psychology - 4th American Edition @ KPU
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Example of Testing Competing Theories: Self-Judgment
What is the primary advantage of formulating a single hypothesis to distinguish between two competing scientific theories with mutually exclusive outcomes?
A researcher notices that Theory A predicts participants will perform better on a memory task under noisy conditions, while Theory B predicts they will perform worse. She designs a single experiment to test both predictions at once. If the results show that participants performed worse under noisy conditions, this outcome would provide evidence supporting Theory B while simultaneously counting as evidence against Theory A.