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A study investigating memory biases in individuals with hypochondriasis serves as a clear example of utilizing a non-manipulated independent variable. In this experiment, researchers manipulated the type of word presented to participants (health-related versus non-health-related) while simply measuring the participants' pre-existing levels of hypochondriasis. The results demonstrated that individuals high in hypochondriasis selectively recalled more health-related words, highlighting how a measured participant variable can interact with a manipulated factor to produce distinct psychological outcomes.

Example of a Non-Manipulated Independent Variable: Hypochondriasis

A study investigated memory biases by presenting participants with health-related and non-health-related words while measuring their pre-existing levels of hypochondriasis. In this scenario, what served as the non-manipulated independent variable?

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