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An example of a correlational study necessitated by ethical constraints involves investigating the relationship between cannabis use and memory abilities. Because researchers cannot ethically manipulate the independent variable by forcing participants to use cannabis, they must rely on the correlational strategy. This involves measuring the natural frequency of participants' cannabis use alongside their memory performance on a standardized test to evaluate if the two variables are statistically related.

Example of Correlational Research: Cannabis Use and Memory

A study that measures participants' self-reported frequency of cannabis use and their scores on a standardized memory test—without assigning anyone to use or abstain from cannabis—is an example of a correlational research design because researchers cannot ethically manipulate the variable of cannabis use.

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