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During the preschool years (ages 3-5), children demonstrate significant cognitive growth. Their abilities expand to include counting, naming colors, and stating their name and age. They begin to make independent decisions, such as choosing their own clothes. Their thinking also becomes more complex, allowing them to grasp basic time concepts and sequencing, predict story outcomes, and appreciate humor. This period is marked by a blossoming curiosity, often expressed by frequently asking "Why?", and their capacity for symbolic thought fuels elaborate pretend play.

Cognitive Abilities of Preschool-Age Children (3-5 Years)

A 4-year-old is observed playing. The child picks up a banana, holds it to their ear, and carries on a conversation as if it were a telephone. This behavior is a clear example of which of the following cognitive developments typical for this age?

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