Interpersonal trauma is a type of trauma that occurs in one’s relationships with other individuals. Events that can cause interpersonal trauma include physical/sexual abuse, domestic violence, loss of a loved one, etc. 

Interpersonal Trauma

- Physical 
- Emotional
- Sexual
- Psychological/Mental
- Financial/Economic
- Cultural/Identity

Types of Abuse

In infancy, damage includes mental retardation, hearing difficulties, visual problems, learning disabilities, and cognitive dysfunction. Exposure to abuse at any point in life, however, negatively correlates with gray matter volume in the prefrontal cortex, striatum, amygdala, sensory association cortices and cerebellum.

Effects of Abuse on Brain Structure

- Toddler Age 
- Preschool Age
- Primary School Age
- Adolescence

Abuse Effects on Behavioral Development

- Depression
- PTSD
- Anxiety disorders
- Eating Disorders
- Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD)

Common Mental Disorders Following Abuse

- Psychotherapy
- Play therapy
- Psychotropic medications

Combination psychotherapy and psycho-pharmacotherapy is the most effective treatment strategy.

Treatment Options for Abuse Victims

During childhood, individual is exposed to neglect, physical, sexual, or emotional abuse that leaves them vulnerable to developmental problems into adulthood

Childhood Trauma

References: Abuse

Abuse is when an individual intentionally torments another individual either physically or emotionally. This can make one more vulnerable to depression later on. 

San Jose State University

There is not one single factual answer for what causes depression as it is different for everyone but these are some of the most common.  

- abuse
- age
- particular medications
- conflict
- death or loss
- genes
- life changing events
- Illness
- substance misuse

External Causes of Depression 

Tracy, N. (2012, July 29). What Is Abuse? Abuse Definition, HealthyPlace. Retrieved on 2021, November 16 from https://www.healthyplace.com/abuse/abuse-information/what-is-abuse-abuse-definition

What Is Abuse? Abuse Definition

Bruce, D. F. (2021). Causes of depression: Genetics, illness, abuse, and more. WebMD. Retrieved November 7, 2021, from https://www.webmd.com/depression/guide/causes-depression. 

Causes of Depression 

Abuse

Read the following scenario. Analyze the potential external factors described that could be contributing to the individual's depressive symptoms, and explain your reasoning for each factor.

Learn Before

Related

Learn After