- Also known as nearsightedness
- Caused by the eyeball being too long
- The eye focuses the images in front of the retina, instead of on the retina
- Can be corrected with a concave lens, to scatter light before it hits the lens and allow it to be focused onto the retina

Myopia

- Also known as lazy eye
- When eyes are misaligned in the first few years of life, one eye becomes functionally blind
- Primary visual cortex surpasses information from one eye
- Can be treated with surgery on the eye muscles, eye training, or through use of eye patches


Amblyopia

Accommodation is the process where ciliary muscles contract to help the lens focus on an image. The lens rounds and flattens to adjust to the distance between the eye and object.
- The lens rounds to focus on near objects
- The lnes flattens to focus on far objects

California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo

University of Michigan - Ann Arbor

- Ciliary muscles contract and release to change the shape of the lens
- This helps the lens focus imagine on the retina
- They are made of smooth muscle
- They are attached to zonular fibers and control the length of them by contracting and relaxing

Ciliary Muscles

Breedlove, S. & Watson, N. (2017). Behavioral neuroscience, eighth edition. Oxford University Press.

Behavioral Neuroscience 8th Edition

Rehman, I. (2021, August 11). Anatomy, head and NECK, Eye ciliary muscles. National Center for Biotechnology Information. Retrieved September 17, 2021, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482132/?report=reader#_NBK482132_pubdet_. 

Anatomy of head, neck, eye ciliary muscles

Accommodation

Following the pupil, light passes through the lens, a curved and transparent ocular structure that provides additional focusing power. The lens is connected to muscles that alter its shape, enabling it to focus on light reflected from objects at varying distances.

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