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According to strict methodological standards in psychology research, what are the three requirements that researchers must follow when they choose to exclude extreme outliers, and what are the three typical causes of these outliers mentioned in the research methods text?
Question: According to strict methodological standards in psychology research, what are the three requirements that researchers must follow when they choose to exclude extreme outliers, and what are the three typical causes of these outliers mentioned in the research methods text?
Sample answer: When researchers decide to exclude extreme outliers, they must follow three strict methodological requirements: (1) apply the exclusion criteria consistently across all responses and participants, (2) retain the original data without permanently deleting it, and (3) transparently report both the number of exclusions and the specific reasons for their removal. The typical causes of these outliers are data entry errors, misunderstandings, or a lack of participant effort.
Key points:
- Identify data entry errors, misunderstandings, and lack of participant effort as the typical causes of outliers.
- State the requirement to apply exclusion criteria consistently to every response and participant.
- State the requirement to retain the original data without permanently deleting it.
- State the requirement to transparently report the number of exclusions and the specific reasons for removal.
Rubric: To receive full credit, the response must identify all three typical causes of outliers (data entry errors, misunderstandings, lack of effort) and all three methodological requirements (consistent application of criteria, retention of original data/no permanent deletion, and transparent reporting of the number of exclusions and specific reasons).
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Research Methods in Psychology - 4th American Edition @ KPU
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