Investment (I) in GDP

GDP Components in Major Economies (Example)

GDP Expenditure Formula (National Income Identity)

Consumption (C) as a Component of GDP

Government Spending (G) as a Component of Aggregate Expenditure

An economy reports the following activities for a single year (all figures in billions of dollars): A domestic firm purchases new machinery for $150, the total value of unsold goods in warehouses increases by $50, household spending on new cars is $200, the government pays $100 in salaries to public school teachers, and the government distributes $75 in unemployment benefits. Based on this information, what is the total value of Investment for this year?

Match each economic transaction to the specific component of GDP it would be categorized under, based on the expenditure approach.

Correcting a GDP Calculation

A country experiences a significant increase in its trade deficit (imports growing much faster than exports). This event, by itself, will necessarily lead to a decrease in the country's Gross Domestic Product (GDP).

Calculating GDP from Expenditure Data

Distinguishing Consumption from Investment in GDP Accounting

A country's automotive company produces $100 million worth of cars in a single year. During that year, it sells $70 million worth of cars to domestic households and exports $20 million worth to foreign buyers. The remaining $10 million worth of cars are not sold and are added to the company's inventory. Based on the expenditure approach, what is the total contribution of these activities to the country's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) for that year?

The government of a country spends $50 billion on a new high-speed rail project. Of this total amount, $10 billion is spent on specialized equipment imported from another country. All other expenditures are on domestically produced goods and services. What is the immediate net effect of this project on the country's Gross Domestic Product (GDP)?

Impact of Inventory Changes on GDP

Suppose a country's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) was exactly the same in Year 1 and Year 2. Which of the following scenarios is the only one that could explain this observation, assuming all values are in billions of dollars?

Government Spending in GDP

Exports (X)

Imports (M)

Aggregate Demand (AD)

Net Exports (Trade Balance) in GDP