includes procedures for measurement of some terms as well as arguments
and evidence for their validity

New York University

Nelson, G. L., &amp; Ko, A. J. (2018). On use of theory in Computing Education Research. Proceedings of the 2018 ACM Conference on International Computing Education Research. https://doi.org/10.1145/3230977.3230992 

On Use of Theory in Computing Education Research

search for designs that improve both the learning of computing
and broader effects of that learning.

Computing Education

to help find better designs and to help interpret their
effects on the world

Use of Theory

 if not used carefully, it can inhibit progress in subtle but important ways

 includes terms, framing, causal mechanisms, arguments (a collection of related claims),and a body of evidence that supports or contradicts those arguments

a theory

includes terms that name and describe phenomena

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