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Case Study

Analyze the student's caption draft. Identify the three formatting and structural errors in this caption based on APA guidelines, and explain why each is an error.

Case context: A student draft of a psychology paper contains a chart displaying anxiety levels. The caption under the chart reads: 'FIGURE 2: Mean Scores For The Experimental Group. HAM-A = Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale.' The vertical axis is labeled 'Anxiety Score' (ranging from 00 to 3030), but does not state the unit of measurement.

Question: Analyze the student's caption draft. Identify the three formatting and structural errors in this caption based on APA guidelines, and explain why each is an error.

Sample answer: The student's caption contains three errors according to APA guidelines: 1) The prefix 'FIGURE 2:' is in all-caps and followed by a colon, whereas it must be italicized and followed by a period (e.g., 'Figure 2.'). 2) The explanatory caption 'Mean Scores For The Experimental Group' incorrectly uses title case capitalization; APA guidelines specify sentence case where, aside from proper nouns, only the first word of each sentence is capitalized (it should be 'Mean scores for the experimental group.'). 3) The caption fails to include the units of measurement (e.g., points on the scale) which are necessary to interpret the figure because they were not included in the axis label.

Key points:

  • The prefix must be italicized as 'Figure 2.' and followed by a period rather than a colon.
  • The caption description must use sentence case capitalization, capitalizing only the first word 'Mean'.
  • The abbreviation 'HAM-A' is defined, but the caption fails to state the units of measurement (points) which are omitted from the axis labels.

Rubric: The response must identify three distinct errors: the incorrect capitalization and punctuation of the prefix, the use of title case instead of sentence case for the description, and the failure to provide the unit of measurement in the caption when it is absent from the axis label.

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Updated 2026-05-26

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Research Methods in Psychology - 4th American Edition @ KPU

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