Based on the provided scenario, explain the most likely underlying biological reason for the worker's difficulties with sleep and alertness.

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One's circadian rhythm is a daily cycle that regulates itself in accordance to the outside world. When this cycle is thrown off, it negatively impacts sleep regulation and can lead to disruptions of normal sleep. 

Problems with Circadian Rhythms

The pineal gland is an endocrine structure located within the brain that produces and releases the hormone melatonin. It plays a significant role in regulating various biological rhythms, including sleep-wake cycles, and is also believed to be involved in modulating the immune system during sleep.

Pineal Gland

- Jet Lag
- Rotating work shifts
- Insomnia
- Parasomnia

Disruption of Normal Sleep

A misalignment between the body's internal biological clock and the external environment, often caused by factors like cross-time-zone travel or rotating work shifts, can lead to various negative effects, including insomnia, excessive sleepiness, and reduced alertness.

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