Given the following case study describing a person's physiological reaction to a sudden event, identify which division of the nervous system is primarily responsible for these automatic changes and explain your reasoning.

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The autonomic nervous system is a division of the peripheral nervous system that manages the body's internal organs and glands. Its functions are generally considered to be involuntary and operate outside of conscious control.

The Autonomic Nervous System

* Sympathetic nervous system
* Parasympathetic nervous system

Subdivisions of the Autonomic Nervous System

The sympathetic nervous system is a division of the autonomic nervous system that becomes activated in response to stressful or high-arousal situations. This activation triggers the 'fight-or-flight' response, a set of physiological changes that were evolutionarily adaptive for ancestors, enhancing their chances of survival when facing threats.

The Sympathetic Nervous System

A part of the autonomic nervous system that controls rest among other routine functions. It is also associated with returning the body to a relaxed state.

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