A protein coat that surrounds the viral genome.

Capsid

Capsomer

A portion of the phospholipid membrane acquired through virion buds from a host cell.

Viral envelope

Viral spikes are protein structures that extend outward from the capsid on some naked and enveloped viruses. They function to attach the virus to host cells and determine the viral host range.

Viral Spikes

Structures associated with Animal Viruses include: 

- Capsid
- Capsomer
- Viral lipid envelope
- Spike proteins

University of Southern Mississippi

There  is a wide range of viral structures such as
- Capsid
- Capsomer
- Viral envelope
- Spikes
- Sheath
- Tail fibers/pins
- Genetic Material

Common Viral Structures

Animal viruses have a wide range of diversity from their morphology, replication, genetic material, host, range, and tissue specificity.

Diversity of Animal Viruses

https://openstax.org/details/books/microbiology/

Microbiology covers the scope and sequence requirements for a single-semester microbiology course for non-majors. The book presents the core concepts of microbiology with a focus on applications for careers in allied health. The pedagogical features of the text make the material interesting and accessible while maintaining the career-application focus and scientific rigor inherent in the subject matter. Microbiology’s art program enhances students’ understanding of concepts through clear and effective illustrations, diagrams, and photographs.

Microbiology is produced through a collaborative publishing agreement between OpenStax and the American Society for Microbiology Press. The book aligns with the curriculum guidelines of the American Society for Microbiology.

OpenStax Microbiology Textbook

Animal Virus Structures

Structures of Bacteriophages include:

- Capsid
- Viral genome
- Sheath
- Tail fibers

Bacteriophage  Stuctures

Bacteriophages have a wide range of diversity from their structure, replication, and the lytic and  lysogenic cycles. 

Diversity of Bacteriophages 

Animal viruses have diversity in their genetic material it is not always double-stranded DNA due to this genetic didiversityt makes it harder to understand viruses and how we can specifically treat and target them without harming the host. Animal viruses are classified into 7 distinctions:

- Enveloped dsDNA
- Naked dsDNA
- Naked ssDNA
- Naked dsRNA
-  Naked +ssRNA
- Enveloped +ssRNA
- Enveloped -ssRNA

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