To resolve disambiguation, the PCFG will calculate a probability of each parse tree (derivation) $T$ of a given sentence $S$. 

The probability of tree $T$ given $S$ is defined as:

$P(T,S) = \prod_{i=1}^{n} P(RHS_i | LHS_i)$

From there, the PCFG will choose the parse tree with the greatest probability as the correct parse of $S$.

PCFGs for Disambiguation

PCFGs are useful in language modeling as they can predict the probability of a sentence or part of a sentence

PCFGs for Language Modeling

Carleton College

Also referred to as probabilistic parsing, this is when a probabilistic component is added to constituency parsing. Probabilistic Parsers compute the probability of each interpretation of a sentence and choose the most probable interpretation.

Statistical Constituency Parsing

An on-going but a helpful book resource about NLP
https://web.stanford.edu/~jurafsky/slp3/

Speech and Language Processing (3rd ed. draft) 

Probabilistic augmentation of context-free grammars in which each rule is associated with a probability. 

$A \rightarrow B [p]$

A PCFG is $consistent$ if for all sentences, the probabilities for that sentence sum up to 1.

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