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A primary method for incorporating theory into research is through a theory-driven hypothesis testing approach. In this format, researchers begin by describing one or more existing theories, deriving a specific hypothesis from one of them, conducting a new empirical study to test that hypothesis, and finally reevaluating the original theory based on the results. This deductive approach is highly effective when existing theories already address the research question, particularly if the derived hypothesis yields surprising predictions or directly conflicts with hypotheses derived from competing theories.

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