- fake news comsumption during 2016 election was less than what people thought
- it was also only limited to a small portion of the population
- surveys done by public often show very high concern for fake news
- "64% of Americans thought fake news was sowing 'a great deal of confusion' following the election",
- "71% said they often or sometimes saw “completely made-up” political news online"
- baseline statistical information can influence people's judgments about the prevalence of fake news consumption and their concern ofr the issue

University of California, Berkeley

- became a more prevalent term with its now known usage after the 2016 election 
- before, was used to talk about satire
- fake news has the intention to deceive, in contrast to just news that is false 
- has become a prevalent topic because it has become part of every day life with everyone seeing fake news on social media everyday, it can have serious consequences through people's actions, and it causes mistrust between people and institutions 
- types of fake news: misinformation, disinformation, and mal information
- misinformation: false information; disinformation: false information with the intention to ham; mal information: true information that is leaked to the public with the intent to harm

what is fake news and misinformation?

Greifeneder, R., Jaffe, M., Newman, E., & Schwarz, N. (2021). The psychology of fake news: Accepting, sharing, and correcting misinformation (p. 252).

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