1. Splitting attention between geometric shape and lexical representations. 
2. The learner needs to decide how to orient the concept map, whereas in the linear knowledge representation format attention is directed by the linearity of the text. 
3. a. Some nodes create splits that leads to different paths of information. 
4. b. In large Novakian concept maps, the learner often has to jump between different pages.


Johns Hopkins University

Splitting the attention of the learner would create extraneous cognitive load. Understanding a diagram or text requires physical or mental integration.

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