Bronfenbrenner's Ecological Systems Theory holds that a child's development is shaped by nested environmental systems, ranging from immediate settings to broad cultural context: the microsystem (settings the child has direct contact with, e.g., parents, siblings, teachers), the mesosystem (interactions between microsystem relationships, e.g., parent-teacher conferences), the exosystem (settings that indirectly affect the child, e.g., a parent's job or neighborhood), the macrosystem (cultural elements such as ethnicity, socioeconomic class, and wealth), and the chronosystem (major life changes over time, e.g., starting school or moving to a new house).