Surgery is used in the treatment of most cancers.

Cancer | Treatments | Surgery

Radiation is very often used in cancer care.

Using Radiation in Cancer Care (Infographic)

Cytotoxic chemotherapy is another useful type of treatment, which often is combined with other types of treatment such as surgery or radiotherapy. Chemotherapy is a whole-body treatment. For advanced cancers, chemotharapy is usually essential to control the cancer (although it only sometimes works in the long run).

Using Cytotoxic Chemotherapy in Cancer Care

"Cancer immunotherapy refers to the use of therapeutics that unleash the power of a patient’s immune system to fight cancer" (AACR)

Immunotherapy in Cancer

Surgery, radiotherapy, cytotoxic chemotherapy, molecularly targed therapy, and immunotherapy are the pillars of cancer care.

University of Michigan - Ann Arbor

- Treatment resistance
- Types of treatment (e.g., surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy)
- Treatment approaches/aspects (e.g., palliative care, precision medicine)
- Other treatments (e.g., hyperthermia, complementary medicine)

Cancer Treatment

American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)

- "Staging is the process of finding out how much cancer is in a person’s body and where it’s located" (cancer.org).
- Staging is important in determining what treatments are necessary and the patient's prognosis (though the cancer stage isn't the only factor).

The children of this node will focus on:
- TNM Staging
- Other staging systems 
- When is cancer staged (clinical stage, surgical stage, post-therapy stage)
- Assigning overall stage (tends to be from Stage I to IV)

Cancer Stages

- Supportive care focuses on alleviating symptoms and improving the quality of life in patients with life-threatening chronic diseases. As a (good) side effect, this sometimes improves survival rates.
- As shown below, palliative care is supportive care for patients with late-stage disease, and hospice care is palliative care for patients near/at the end of life.

Supportive Care

Cancer | Standard Treatments & Pillars of Cancer Care

Treatment Resistance in Cancer

- Traditional Approach
- Pallative Care (focuses on managing symptoms)
- Precision or Personalized Medicine
- Off-label Drug Use
- Biosimilar drugs
- Clinical Trials
- Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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