The cell is the fundamental unit of life. While cells vary significantly in size, shape, structure, and function—categorized primarily into prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells—they all share a few fundamental components at their simplest level of construction. The internal structures of a cell are analogous to the organs inside a human body, with unique components suited to specific functions.

Cell

The Cell Theory states that the cell is the basic unit of life, all living things are made up of cells, and that cells come from pre-existing cells.

Austin Community College

All living things have the following characteristics: 
- Order
- Respond to Stimuli
- Reproduction
- Adaptation
- Growth & Development
- Homeostasis
- Energy Processing
- Evolution

Characteristics of Living Things

https://openstax.org/details/books/microbiology/

Microbiology covers the scope and sequence requirements for a single-semester microbiology course for non-majors. The book presents the core concepts of microbiology with a focus on applications for careers in allied health. The pedagogical features of the text make the material interesting and accessible while maintaining the career-application focus and scientific rigor inherent in the subject matter. Microbiology’s art program enhances students’ understanding of concepts through clear and effective illustrations, diagrams, and photographs.

Microbiology is produced through a collaborative publishing agreement between OpenStax and the American Society for Microbiology Press. The book aligns with the curriculum guidelines of the American Society for Microbiology.

OpenStax Microbiology Textbook

OpenStax Concepts of Biology provides the necessary breadth and depth for core Biology concepts.

Link: https://openstax.org/details/books/concepts-biology/

OpenStax Biology 2nd Edition

Cell Theory

Organisms require energy to live. Because energy cannot be created or destroyed,  it is transformed from one form to another as organisms carry out essential tasks.

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