From this present study, researchers found that maternal ELM had a direct association on their offspring's behavior in school (via teacher ratings). This suggests that early life maltreatment may have transgenerational impact on behavior in school. Moreover, maternal sensitivity was not a mediator for maternal ELM. 

Maternal Early Life Maltreatment has a direct effect on child psychopathology 

A semi-structured interview that measures childhood experiences of abuse. There are five sub scales that measure physical abuse, psychological abuse, sexual abuse,  neglect, and antipathy (hostility) from parents.

University of Illinois at Chicago

Any form of abuse that a child experiences, which poses a risk for intergenerational transmission (i.e., a mother who experienced abuse during her childhood is more likely to abuse their children; cycle).

Maternal Early Life Maltreatment (ELM)

Bödeker, K., Fuchs, A., Führer, D., Kluczniok, D., Dittrich, K., Reichl, C., ... & Resch, F. (2019). Impact of maternal early life maltreatment and maternal history of depression on child psychopathology: Mediating role of maternal sensitivity?. Child psychiatry & human development, 50(2), 278-290.

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