This strategy is based on the assumption that collections of symptoms adequately & accurately reflect similar latent disease processes, however, if such processes exist but result in a myriad of forms, the syndromal strategy is not likely to successfully obtain clinical utility, as topography is poorly linked to determining underlying processes

Drawback of clinical utility

A stipulation of diagnostic categories, which in principle, is the practice goal state that validates the nosological enterprise. There must be clinical utility present in the diagnosis of mental disorders, which can help clinicians to determine prognosis, treatment plans, and potential treatment outcomes for an individual. 

Syracuse University

A model of traditional psychiatric nosology, wherein an individual’s observable characteristics of a presenting mental issue are organized into the “syndromes” that define said mental disorder; syndromes are thereby categorized by symptoms. This model posits; individuals share identical syndromes when symptoms are similar, indicating assumption that symptoms are produced due to the same underlying etiological reasons, which are expressed through specific characteristics.

The Latent disease model of psychiatry

SG;, H. S. C. H. (n.d.). "third-wave" cognitive and behavioral therapies and the emergence of a process-based approach to intervention in psychiatry. World psychiatry : official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA). Retrieved November 17, 2021, from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34505370/?fc=None&amp;ff=20211014202414&amp;v=2.15.0. 

"Third-wave” cognitive and behavioral therapies and the emergence of a process-based approach to intervention in psychiatry

A set of observable behaviors (signs visible to the practitioner) and symptoms (sensations & negative effects felt by an individual) that tend to co-occur. As a set, they are seen as the possible expressions of a latent disease. 

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