- Rhinovirus/enterovirus
- Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
- Non-SARS-CoV-2 Coronaviridae

Co-Infection of COVID-19 Patients by Respiratory Pathogen in Northern California, United States

Of 116 patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, 20.7%, or 24 of these patients also tested positive for 1 or more additional pathogens.

University of Michigan - Ann Arbor

Smith College

- China
- Northern California, United States

Secondary Infections of COVID-19 by Geographic Location

Kim D, Quinn J, Pinsky B, Shah NH, Brown I. Rates of Co-infection Between SARS-CoV-2 and Other Respiratory Pathogens. JAMA. Published online April 15, 2020. 
https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.6266

Rates of Co-infection Between SARS-CoV-2 and Other Respiratory Pathogens

Of the 68 patients that had died from COVID-19, 11 patients (16%) had a secondary infection (Wuhan, China).

Mortality in Secondary COVID-19 Infection in Wuhan, China

Co-Infections in SARS-CoV-2 Patients in Northern California, United States

It took a median of 17.0 days (95% CI: 13-19 days) for a secondary SARS-CoV-2 infection to occur in COVID-19 patients

Time until Onset of Secondary SARS-CoV-2 Infection in COVID-19 Patients in Wuhan, China

In Shenzhen, China (Jan. 2020), a patient with a travel history to Wuhan was admitted to the hospital with the clinical presentation of COVID-19.  The SARS-CoV-2 RNA test was persistently negative, but the plasma anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody was positive. 


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