This test measures people’s cognitive style and ability by identifying individual differences in reflexivity and critical reasoning skills. 

Syracuse University

The study had the same set up as Experiment 1, however, additional measures were added such as measures of confabulatory reasoning, political attitudes, and a Cognitive Reflection Test.

False Beliefs and Confabulation’s Lasting Effects on Political Attitudes: Experiment 2

Strandberg, T., Sivén, D., Hall, L., Johansson, P., & Pärnamets, P. (2018). False beliefs and confabulation can lead to lasting changes in political attitudes. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 147(9), 1382–1399. https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0000489 


False Beliefs and Confabulation Can Lead to Lasting Changes in Political Attitudes

Cognitive Reflection Test (CRT)

Overall, half the participants accepted the false feedback responses as their own. The participants’ future attitudes were strongly influenced by the false feedback, even after one week. Attitude change was more significant amongst participants in the confabulation condition, asked to provide verbal arguments, versus the acknowledge condition. Political involvement and beliefs had no effect on one’s ability for attitude change or response correction. Participants with higher CRT scores were more likely to recognize the manipulation and correct it. There was no significance between magnitude of attitude change and length of confabulatory response.

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