- Coccus
- Diplococcus
- Tetrad
- Streptococcus
- Staphylococcus 

Common Arrangements of Cocci

- Bacillus
- Diplobacillus
- Streptobacillus
- Palisade

Common Arrangements of Bacilli

- Arrangements of Cocci
- Arrangements of Bacilli

University of Wisconsin - Madison

Bacteria are classified based on size, shape and arrangement. 

Morphology & Classification of Bacteria

https://openstax.org/details/books/microbiology/

Microbiology covers the scope and sequence requirements for a single-semester microbiology course for non-majors. The book presents the core concepts of microbiology with a focus on applications for careers in allied health. The pedagogical features of the text make the material interesting and accessible while maintaining the career-application focus and scientific rigor inherent in the subject matter. Microbiology’s art program enhances students’ understanding of concepts through clear and effective illustrations, diagrams, and photographs.

Microbiology is produced through a collaborative publishing agreement between OpenStax and the American Society for Microbiology Press. The book aligns with the curriculum guidelines of the American Society for Microbiology.

OpenStax Microbiology Textbook

Studying the morphology of bacteria requires using microscopes. The types of microscopes are:
- Optical microscope
- Phase contrast microscope
- Dark ground microscope
- Electron microscope

Microscopy

Due to the lack of contrast in light microscopes, observation of structural details in live bacteria is not possible. Staining specimens adds contrast to the image. This involves dying and fixing the specimen, subsequently killing the bacteria. Commonly used staining techniques are:
- Simple Stains
- Negative Staining
- Impregnation Methods
- Differential Stains

Stained Preparations

Bacteria can be classified based on their different morphologies.
- Coccus
- Bacillus
- Vibrio
- Coccobacillus
- Spirillum
- Spirochete

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