- Major Finding: Concept maps are a valid means of assessing change in student's knowledge
- CMs provide an organizational framework that can enhance comprehension. This is because CMS requires students to actively test their understanding of the relationships among concepts.
- They are flexible; can. be used to create study guides or outline research papers, can be useful in groups or individual
- Students can create these without the need for much instruction
- Image shows the difference between pre and post-test with concept maps. Posttest was after one semester of a psychology course 

Concept Maps to Test Knowledge in Psychology Course


- Hybrid Map (made online in this study) was accurate in showing the students' mastery of knowledge
- Beyond teaching and learning declarative knowledge, Hybrid Maps can also drive problem-solving skills (mapping out problems to identify possible solutions)
- Image shows an overview of the procedure

Assessment scores from Hybrid Map are consistent with students' actual learning levels 

studies have found that Concept and Hybrid Maps are accurate in testing students' declarative knowledge in classrooms 

Loyola University Chicago

Knowledge that is conscious and can be verbalized: facts, data, and pieces of information, such as mathematical or scientific facts.

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