A conditioned response is a learned reaction to an environmental stimulus. Ivan Pavlov discovered this type of response through his controlled experiments, in which he successfully trained dogs to salivate to neutral stimuli, such as a bell or light, that initially had nothing to do with food.

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To objectively investigate psychic secretions, Ivan Pavlov designed carefully controlled experiments where he trained dogs to salivate in response to stimuli unrelated to food, such as a bell, light, or touch. These experiments led him to discover that an organism's environmental responses can be categorized into two types: unconditioned and conditioned.

Ivan Pavlov's Controlled Experiments

Spielman, R. M., Jenkins, W. J., & Lovett, M. D. (2020, April 22). Psychology (2nd ed.). OpenStax. https://openstax.org/books/psychology-2e/pages/1-introduction

OpenStax Psychology (2nd ed.) Textbook

An unconditioned response is an unlearned, natural reaction or reflex to a stimulus in the environment. Through his controlled experiments with dogs, Ivan Pavlov identified this innate behavior as one of the two fundamental types of responses an organism exhibits to its environment.

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