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Core vs. Holo RNA Polymerase in Prokaryotes

Core RNA polymerase consists of five of the six subunits of RNA polymerase. This is the form that adds nucleotides to synthesize the RNA transcript.
The holo form of RNA polymerase consists of all six subunits with the sixth being the sigma subunit. This allows for specificity of RNA polymerase to interact with different promoters of genes. The holo form is present during initiation, but elongation begins when the sigma subunit dissociates from RNA polymerase.

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Updated 2024-06-27

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