The process of maintaining an exact electrical record/information by applying changes on a secondary site in synchronization of the primary site. This allows for the continued use of data in case of information loss of the primary site.

University of South Carolina

In the information and digital preservation field, one of the most disheartening things to happen is loss of important records. This can be due to antiquated technology, information not being moved to other systems or stored, or a simple mechanical mishap. This is where having standards for records help as establishing standards, digital archiving, data migration, and data replication/mirroring can maintain important records. In fact even if records/information is lost it can be recovered through salvaging and stabilization methods.

Vital Records Programs: Identifying, Managing, and Recovering Critical Records

ANSI/ARMA(2010). Vital Records Programs: Identifying, Managing, and Recovering Business-Critical Records. ARMA International 2010, 1-32. 
Full Version: file:///C:/Users/mcelr/OneDrive/Vital%20Records%20Programs-Identifying,%20Managing%20and%20Recovering%20Business%20Critical%20Records.pdf

Vital Records Programs: Identifying, Managing, and Recovering Critical Records Citation

The transferring of data from online processing environments to storage systems in order to provide retention on storage media suitable for that purpose.

Digital Archiving

Converting electronic records to new file formats and storage media so that information/records are useable for the period of their retention.

Data Migration

Data Replication/Mirroring

Rescuing/Recovering records and information from damage. Data can still be extracted from damaged, failed, or corrupted storage media if they can be accessed.

Salvaging

Stabilizing an affected area following a bad event to prevent further damage to records and information. Methods depend on the event and storage media involved. Methods include removing records during the event if possible, cooling the 
affected environment, isolating corrupted items, and utilizing virus quarantine as well as virus removal software on infected hard drives. 

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