- Initially, no effects were found - maximum digit span on primary task results 
- However, in the multivariate ANOVA analysis, memory load and time delay had significant main effect on k, or the rate of delayed discounting. 
- Post-hoc comparison: Memory load had a greater effect for shorter reward delays

Results of the Study 

- Participants chose between less money the same day vs. more money in a later day 
- Rewards: €1–€11, €2–€12, €3–€13 and €4–€14,
- Time delays: 1 week, 1 month, 6 months and 1 year

Washtenaw Community College

- Random number sequence- participants listened and recited the numbers that they heard to find their digit span 
- 3 conditions- full load, half load, and zero load
- Full load- maximum digit span - 1 
- Half load- dependent on whether the maximum digit span was even or odd; if even, maximum digit span/2. If odd, maximum digit span-1 divided by 2 
- Interference and attention to the primary task: Tried to balance participants' cognitive load through increasing the load on working memory 

Memory Load Task - Digit Span 

- Preliminary Working Memory Task 
- Delayed Reward Task 

Tasks Involved Within the Study 

Fabio, R. A., Bianco, M., Caprì, T., Marino, F., Ruta, L., Vagni, D., & Pioggia, G. (2020). Working memory and decision making in children with ADHD: An analysis of delay discounting with the use of the dual-task paradigm. BMC Psychiatry, 20(272). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-020-02677-y



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