* Hydrogels-
*Ceramic-Based Inks-
*Polymer-Based Inks-
*Composite Inks-

Lawrence Technological University

 There are various applications of 3d printing technology in biomedical engineering such as in dental implants, tissue engineering, bio-printing, and drug delivery.

Application of 3d printing technology in biomedical engineering

Dental implants:
*The problem of conventional manual process of manufacturing dental implants is solved with the emergence of 3d printing technology.
*Earlier the conventional process was a costly process with the 3d printing technology it has got drastically reduced.

Tissue engineering:
Assembly of vascularized 3D soft organs remains an enormous challenge  so with the emergence of organ 3d printing technology this problem is minimized with ability to print living human organs of any shape and complexity.

Bio-printing:
*Ear- prosthetics, prosthetic legs, 3d printed brain, and 3d skull are extensively used for research and development purpose.
*This technique has allowed for accurate personalized manufacturing of devices which are created to the patient’s own specifications.

Explanation:

Different types of Bio-inks used in 3d printing:

1) Hydrogels:
* Synthetic polymers which have the ability to swell.
* Especially used in drug delivery applications with less swelling controlled by factors such as polymer material, viscosity and shear stress.

2) Ceramic-based inks:
* High stiffness and provides a surface in bone tissue development.
* commonly used inks are Hydroxyapatite and Tricalcium phosphate which enhances the strength in scaffolds.

3) Polymer-based inks:
* Polylactic acid (PLA) and Acrylonitrile Butadiene  Styrene (ABS) are extensively used in 3d printing.
* Engineering applications, prototyping, assists in bone formation and regeneration.

4) Composite inks:
* Two major types hydrogels and polymer based inks enhances mechanical properties and bioactivity.
* Accelerates healing and primarily used in tissue engineering applications.

Note: Current bio inks has limited alteration in properties and i future it may applied to vast number of applications.

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