Groupthink can be fostered when a group leader is directive and makes their opinions known early in the process. This can discourage other group members from disagreeing with the leader, leading to a premature and potentially flawed consensus.

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Groupthink is a preventable phenomenon that arises from several key contributing factors. These primary causes include high levels of group cohesion, the presence of a directive leader, and the group's isolation from outside perspectives.

Causes of Groupthink

Spielman, R. M., Jenkins, W. J., & Lovett, M. D. (2020, April 22). Psychology (2nd ed.). OpenStax. https://openstax.org/books/psychology-2e/pages/1-introduction

OpenStax Psychology (2nd ed.) Textbook

In groups with a strong sense of connection, the desire to maintain group harmony can become more important than making sound decisions. This prioritization of unity over critical analysis is a key factor that can lead to groupthink.

High Group Cohesion as a Cause of Groupthink

Directive Leadership as a Cause of Groupthink

When a group is isolated from alternative or new viewpoints, the likelihood of groupthink increases. This lack of external input can reinforce a narrow perspective and prevent the critical evaluation of the group's decisions.

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