It's with high human cost and hard to transfer to other domains.

University of Michigan - Ann Arbor

A Frame-based Dialogue System defines a dialogue frame structure and the formatted involved important components.

Frame-based Dialogue System

An on-going but a helpful book resource about NLP
https://web.stanford.edu/~jurafsky/slp3/

Speech and Language Processing (3rd ed. draft) 

Disadvantages of Frame-based Dialogue System

1. domain classification
2. intent determination
3. slot filling

Main Components Extracted by Frame-based Dialogue System

NLG Module of Frame-based System

Automatic speech recognition is a sequence-to-sequence learning task where the input sequence is an audio recording of a speaker and the output is a text transcript of the spoken words. A significant challenge in this domain is that there is no one-to-one correspondence between audio frames and text, as thousands of audio samples may correspond to a single word, making the input sequence much longer than the output sequence.

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