In a knowledge dissemination environment, where knowledge entities are disconnected, it is more likely for contributors to create knowledge entities that were previously produced by other contributors. This is due to the disconnectedness of the knowledge entities, which makes it very difficult to identify the related entities that were previously added to the system.

University of Michigan - Ann Arbor

San Jose State University

Connecting the knowledge acquired from courses, books, and other sources can be challenging as authors and instructors often focus on making their material coherent within the scope of their work, disregarding its coherence in relation to other courses, books, or resources that the reader may have encountered earlier.

Disconnected knowledge entities in Online Communities

- Disconnected Knowledge Entities
- Stand Alone Learning Content

Causes of Dupicate Knowledge Entities in Online Communities 

- Emphasizing links
- Using indexes
- Citing references
- Search Engines

Solutions to disconnected knowledge entities

Disconnected knowledge entities --> Duplicate knowledge entities

While crowdsourcing video content on YouTube, Vimeo, TikTok, … has significantly improved free knowledge sharing, the generated content is very disconnected, providing no learning pathways for learners to start their learning from any video and follow along pathways to achieve their objectives.

Dissemination of learning material in form of disconnected videos

There is a range of information duplication and overlap that occurs due to the nature of stand-alone knwoledge entities and how they are produced. Because stand-alone knowledge entities are self-contained pieces of information, they will often use information used in other knowledge entities to contextualize their subject. This is a weak form of knowledge entity duplication because it is not a direct copy of other knowledge entities. Rather, they often summarize or paraphrase information covered in other knowledge entities causing an overlap of content. However, in some cases information can be duplicated in its entirety. 

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