Electroconvulsive Therapy can treat severe depression, particularly when accompanied by psychosis, suicidal feelings or a refusal to eat.

Electroconvulsive Therapy and Severe Depression

Electroconvulsive Therapy can treat treatment-resistant depression, which is a depression that doesn't improve with medication or other treatments

Electroconvulsive Therapy and Treatment-resistant depression

Electroconvulsive Therapy can treat Severe Mania which is a state of intense euphoria, agitation or hyperactivity. This is typically a part of someone's experience if they have bipolar disorder.

Electroconvulsive Therapy and Severe Mania

Electroconvulsive Therapy can treat catatonia which is a state with a [lack of/strange or fast] movements, lack of speech, and other symptoms. 

Catalonia is associated with multiple conditions.

Electroconvulsive Therapy and Catatonia

Electroconvulsive Therapy can treat agitation and aggression in people with dementia.  Dementia can be difficult to treat and can negatively impact the quality of life.

Electroconvulsive Therapy and Agitation and aggression in people with dementia

- Impact of COVID-19 on electroconvulsive  therapy practice across Canadian provinces during the first wave of the pandemic
- Add as needed

References for Electroconvulsive therapy

- Impact of COVID-19 on electroconvulsive therapy practice across            - Canadian Provinces during the first wave of the pandemic
- Inpatient vs. Outpatient: Comparing Two Types of Patient Care
- How to become a clinical ethicist 
- Untreated Mental Illnesses
- Exacerbation Definition
- 3 Ways To Make Technology More Equitable
- Mayo Clinic Infromation
Add more as needed

References for ECT

- Severe depression
- Treatment-resistant depression
- Severe Mania
- Catatonia
- Agitation and aggression in people with dementia

Santa Clara University

Electroconvulsive therapy is one of the most historical and effective treatments. It is the most historical and well-known treatment method. Electroconvulsive therapy is a typical treatment that can be used in patients who are difficult or ineffective in drug treatment. Most patients who have been treated for electric convulsions show rapid improvement without significant side effects.

ECT ( Electroconvulsive therapy)

Mayo Clinic Staff. (2018, Oct. 12). Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/electroconvulsive-therapy/about/pac-20393894

Mayo Clinic: Electroconvulsive therapy

Electroconvulsive Therapy can treat the following conditions:

(the first wave is defined as being from mid-March 2020 to mid-May 2020)

The four regions for this study included Ontario, Quebec, Western Canada, and Atlantic Canada 

Demchenko and their team found these findings in their survey study:

- Generally, hospitals prioritized inpatient acute treatments over outpatient acute or maintenance treatments

- Usage of telemedicine was 50% in the Atlantic region, 45% in the Western Region, 33% in Ontario, and 19% in Quebec

- Most of the time, clinical ethicists had not been involved in decision-making regarding ECT policies during the pandemic

- Stigma and lack of understanding of ECT procedures were more of an issue in the Ontario and Quebec regions

*see child nodes for definitions of some of the terms in this node*

How did COVID-19 impact Electroconvulsive therapy in Canada in the first wave? 

- Confusion 
- Memory issues or retrograde amnesia
- Nausea, headache, jaw pain, or muscle ache
- Heart rate and blood pressure will increase during surgery, so it's risky to do ECT if the client has had heart complications

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