Socially constructed groupings of people that are defined by shared physical or biological characteristics. 

Race (as a Social Identity)

Gender can be defined as socially constructed characteristics of women, men, people outside the expected binary. Some examples being norms, roles and relationships among and between groups of women and men.



Gender is a nonexplanitory measure, meaning gender can not be counted as the cause of a difference in population statistics. Learned behaviors or differences in physicality, among other things, can be counted as explanitory information.

Gender

Sex can be defined as the biological and physiological characteristics of a male or female individual. These characteristics include reproductive organs, chromosomes and hormones.

A social class is a group of individuals that share similar economic positions based on income, occupation wealth and education.

Social Class

Disability status refers to a person’s disabilities or lack thereof. A disability status refering to a lack of disabilities may include: able bodied, temporarily able bodied, neurotypical.

Disability Status

Religious identity is one's senese of belonging to a religious community and/or culture.

Religious Identity

Sexual orientation (or sexuality) has multiple dimensions and is a person's identity in relation to the gender(s) they are physically and/or emotionally attracted to. It concerns an individuals romantic, emotional, and/or erotic attraction towards others (or the absence of).

Sexual Orientation

- Race
- Ethnicity
- Gender
- Sex
- Sexual Orientation/Sexuality
- Religion
- (Dis)ability status
- Social Class

Georgetown University

The social categorization of an individual with respect to their peers (self and others). There are shared self-categories that are identified with by members of a group (us v them; races, genders, nationalities, friend groups,  etc.)

Social identity

Searle Center for Advancing Learning & Teaching. (n.d.). Social Identities. Https://Www.Northwestern.Edu/. Retrieved June 11, 2021, from https://www.northwestern.edu/searle/initiatives/diversity-equity-inclusion/social-identities.html

Social Identities

The difference between social and personal identity is not dependent on the characteristic (attribute) being measured or the potential scope of inclusivity of the characteristic (attribute). For example a man can think he is stronger than all his friends and also believe that his friends are stronger than another group of friends. 

What matters is how an individual defines the self at a given moment:
 - I v them; me v him/her; etc.
- Us vs them; We v him/her; etc.



Difference between personal and social identity

Examples of Social Identity Categories

It describes how our most important associations with religious, political, national, and occupational groups provide us with a sense of belonging, worth and shapes our thinking of people in/outside of these groups. Developed by Henri Tajfel, a polish jew who ended up in a Nazi prisoner of war camp during WWII. 

Social Identity Theory

Group polarization is the process by which a group's initial attitude becomes more extreme following discussion among its members. If the group initially leans towards a particular viewpoint, their consensus after discussion will be an even stronger endorsement of that view. Similarly, if the group is initially opposed to a viewpoint, the discussion will likely result in stronger opposition.

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