Participants were instructed to think of as many traits as they could for each of the 4 liked and disliked individuals; additionally, they were asked comparison questions such as "How similar are Disliked Person 1 and Disliked Person 2 to each other in terms of __?" Similarity among the individuals was then assessed using the pairwise functions. Participants also were instructed to indicate how much they liked, knew, and how much time they spent with each person.