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Explain why Dr. Smith's decision to use null hypothesis testing aligns with the defense of this framework. How does utilizing this standardized method address the challenges of investigating a new phenomenon like the one in this study?
Case context: Dr. Smith is investigating a completely new psychological phenomenon where a specific scent appears to improve focus during task performance. Because this area of research is entirely unestablished, a colleague recommends avoiding null hypothesis testing and instead presenting only basic descriptive findings. Dr. Smith disagrees and decides that null hypothesis testing is necessary for this study.
Question: Explain why Dr. Smith's decision to use null hypothesis testing aligns with the defense of this framework. How does utilizing this standardized method address the challenges of investigating a new phenomenon like the one in this study?
Sample answer: Dr. Smith's decision aligns with the defense of null hypothesis testing because they are investigating a new, unestablished phenomenon. In such research contexts, null hypothesis testing is considered necessary because it provides a standardized, principled method to demonstrate that the observed improvement in focus is not simply a random chance occurrence. This allows Dr. Smith to establish a reliable baseline of evidence for this novel phenomenon.
Key points:
- Identifies that the study investigates a new/unestablished phenomenon.
- Explains that null hypothesis testing acts as a standardized and principled method.
- Articulates that the framework helps prove the results are not merely due to random chance.
Rubric: The student must show comprehension of the defense of null hypothesis testing by explaining that: 1) The study involves an unestablished/new scientific phenomenon. 2) Null hypothesis testing is useful in this context because it offers a standardized, principled method. 3) Using this framework allows Dr. Smith to show that the focus improvement is not merely due to random chance.
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Research Methods in Psychology - 4th American Edition @ KPU
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