3D printing has opened up the opportunities to increased production of masks. Standford has been working on the Pneumask, a reusable mask that can also be disassembled and autoclaved for future use. However, masks under this category including Duke's PAPR design mask haven't been certified as PPE yet.
Alternatively, the Stopgap mask from the Veterans Health Administration was approved by the FDA. This mask features disposable filters and a tight-fitting around the nose and mouth as well as being easy to disinfect.

Self-Manufacturing Masks

- Prusa Face Shield: The Prusa Printer face shield can protect clinical personnel when other FDA-approved face shields aren't present
- GA Tech Face Shield: The Georgia Tech 3D-printed rigid frame with a disposable face shield design
- MIT Face Shield: MIT and Georgia Tech produced this origami disposable face shield

University of California, Santa Cruz

- Face Masks
- Face Shields
-Environmental Precautions
- Gloves

Types of PPE

Allam, M., Cai, S., Ganesh, S., Venkatesan, M., Doodhwala, S., Song, Z., . . . Coskun, A. F. (2020). COVID-19 Diagnostics, Tools, and Prevention. Diagnostics, 10(6), 409. doi:10.3390/diagnostics10060409

https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/10/6/409

COVID-19 Diagnostics, Tools, and Prevention

- N95: best-known respirator against the virus in the form of a mask
-  Surgical masks: used by healthcare professionals in the absence of N95 masks
- Surgical Masks with FPR: surgical masks fitted with 9-10 air-conditioning filters
- Pneumask: Stanford designed face-mask with a snorkel-like design
- PAPR Mask:  powered air-purifying respirator attached to surgical masks


Face Masks

Face  Shields

- Hygiene Shield + Glassafe: Transparent acrylic barrier for public settings where cross-contamination is common, have been implemented into retail stores
- Sanitizer Station: an example is the Umdash Hygeine Station to be utilized by the public in normal settings

Environmental Precautions

Gloves are used to protect personnel from being exposed to pathogens, said gloves need to be disposed and replaced in order to prevent the spread of microorganisms. However, not all gloves block the penetration of the virus and COVID-19 droplets.

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