The face is accessory to verbal communication, providing emphasis and direction in conversation.

University of Michigan - Ann Arbor

- Cross-cultural similarity and cultural differences in facial expressions
- Facial expression is paralinguistic

Facial expressions have complex functions in communication

Breedlove, S. & Watson, N. (2017). Behavioral neuroscience, eighth edition. Oxford University Press.

Behavioral Neuroscience 8th Edition

Facial expressions are produced & interpreted similarly across many cultures, however, there are cultural differences.
The subtle differences suggest that cultures prescribe rules for facial expression and that they control and enforce these rules by cultural conditioning


Learn Before

Related