Information about the topic is used to correct misinformation about the same topic—presenting the facts about the topic.

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•	Fact based inoculation message
•	Logic based inoculation message 
•	Humor based inoculation message 

Types of  Inoculation Messages

Vraga, E. K., Kim, S. C., & Cook, J. (2019). Testing logic-based and humor-based corrections for science, health, and political misinformation on social media. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 63(3), 393–414. https://doi.org/10.1080/08838151.2019.1653102


Testing logic-based and humor-based corrections for science, health, and political misinformation on social media

Fact based Inoculation messages 


This involves taking steps to explain the logical fallacies in the misinformation. This can undermine the credibility of the argument and help to teach people critical thinking ability to deter against future misinformation. 


Logic based Inoculation Messages 

Humor is a great way to engage an audience that would otherwise not be interested to correct their won misinformation—engage in activism. Humor can also help people process misinformation more effective and help people learn better as they are more engaged. 

Humor-based Inoculation Messages

The effectiveness of the different forms of inoculation messages depends on the topic of misinformation. For example, logic and humor based inoculation are most helpful for health related misinformation than  environmental misinformation. Humor and logic based inoculation messages were equally as effective in correcting misinformation related to HPV vaccines. 

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