- Mainstream news source: The most circulated and most trusted news sources from a Pew survey. These sources follow high ethical standards.
- Non-mainstream news source: Sources compiled from a list curated by researchers from Merrimack College. These sources contain bias, clickbait, and satire.

University of Michigan - Ann Arbor

FeedReflect is a browser extension compatible with Google Chrome. Content on a user's Twitter feed from mainstream sources with questions in the comments are highlighted, as questions could indicate less credible news events. Content from non-mainstream sources is dimmed/greyed out to give the impression that the information could be dubious. Each nudge contains a tooltip explaining the reason for the nudge. Users are also presented with questions to reflect on each intervention.

"FeedReflect: A Tool for Nudging Users to Assess News Credibility on Twitter" FeedReflect Design

https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3272973.3274056

"FeedReflect: A Tool for Nudging Users to Assess News Credibility on Twitter" Paper

"FeedReflect: A Tool for Nudging Users to Assess News Credibility on Twitter" News Site Classifications

16 university students used FeedReflect for 3 weeks. Half of the students (the treatment group) were asked credibility questions without the visual nudges on each Tweet, while the other half (the experimental group) was asked credibility questions about the Tweets and given the visual cues. The treatment group scored mainstream sources with higher credibility and non-mainstream sources with lower credibility than the control group did. Further, after qualitative analysis, the following themes emerged among the treatment group:
- Users read news stories that normally would not have interested them
- Users consulted external sources to measure credibility of news sources
- Users actively participated in credibility assessment rather than making subconscious decisions

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