- student-to-student interactions
- teacher-to-student interactions

New York University

AODs are a type of educational environment that exists within online learning platforms. Their main purpose is to provide students with a space where they can create their own understanding and ideas within their own minds and physical surroundings. Additionally, they offer opportunities for students to interact with others in a community of learners, where they can collaborate and construct knowledge together.

Asynchronous Online Discussions in Online Learning Communities

Fehrman, S., & Watson, S. L. (2021). A systematic review of asynchronous online discussions in online higher education. American Journal of Distance Education, 35(3), 200-213.

A systematic review of asynchronous online discussions in online higher education

Forms of Interaction in AOD (Asynchronous Online Discussions)

- structured vs. unstructured
- graded vs. ungraded
- group size

Design Parameters in AOD (Asynchronous Online Discussions)

- Creating structure for high-quality posts and contribution
- Instructor interaction and facilitation of discussion

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