- The framework is a way to show the current mode of quantitative inquiry: Hypotheses about regression coefficients. 
- Regression Coefficients: In statistics, the estimation of unknown population parameters between a predictor variable and a response. 
- This inquiry allows the research goal to happen inside the statistical model. If the research goal is a particular model, then you are committed to that model. Stating the research goal allows you to answer research questions that may come up when conducting the research.  

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- We should all ask one question when thinking about quantitative talks or articles: What is the estimand? 
- The estimate is an object of inquiry, and it talks about the precise quantity about which data we use to make an inference.
- Framework for quantitative social sciences when making a precise statement. 
 

Introduction Of Setting the Target 


Lundberg, I., Johnson, R., & Stewart, B. (2020, January 7). What is Your Estimand? Defining the Target Quantity Connects Statistical Evidence to Theory. https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/ba67n

What is your Estimand? Defining the target Quantity Connects Statistical Evidence to Theory  

Framework for the Quantitative Social Sciences: Hypotheses about Regression Coefficients 

- The theoretical estimand has two aspects: One is the unit specific quantity, which tells the realized outcome and the other is the theoretical estimand of a target population
- A paper may have multiple Theoretical Estimands. 
 

Theoretical Estimand

The first is a unit-specific quantity: defined as a realized outcome, a potential outcome, or a difference in potential outcomes. Potential outcome can have an intervention of more than one variable. 



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