A functional description of behavior includes results and mechanisms of a specific behavior. For example, explaining how the process of memory aids in learning.

University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

The first step in studying behavior is describing what we want to study. A description may reflect end goals, explanations of specific processes, functions, etc. Using both structural and functional descriptions will provide a more focused description. 

Description

Breedlove, S. & Watson, N. (2017). Behavioral neuroscience, eighth edition. Oxford University Press.

Behavioral Neuroscience 8th Edition

An analytical explanation that may include subcomponents and their relation to one another, For example, describing the act and processes of memory in consecutive  order.

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