Widespread damage to the left-hemisphere can cause global aphasia which is the total loss of ability to understand language, or to speak, read, or write. 

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- Paraphasia
- Nonfluent speech
- Apraxia
- Nonfluent aphasia
- Fluent aphasia
- Global aphasia

Types of Aphasia

Breedlove, S. & Watson, N. (2017). Behavioral neuroscience, eighth edition. Oxford University Press.

Behavioral Neuroscience 8th Edition

Global Aphasia

A symptom of aphasia that is distinguished by the substitution of a word by a sound, an incorrect word, an unintended word, or a neologism.

Paraphasia

Talking with considerable effort, short sentences, and the absence of the usual melodic character of conversational speech.

Nonfluent speech

An impairment in the ability to begin and execute skilled voluntary movements, even though there is no muscle paralysis. Brain damage that results in aphasia also produces apraxia.

Apraxia

A language impairment characterized by fluent, meaningless speech and little language comprehension. This results from damage to the Wernicke's area.

Fluent aphasia

A language impairment characterized by difficulty with speech production but not with language comprehension. This type of aphasia results from damage in Broca's area.

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