Transfer of energy from a warmer object to a colder object.

University of California, Davis

Sum of all the energies associated with the individual molecules/atoms comprising a substance.

Internal Energy

Physics Libretext

Indicated by the change in temperature when energy is added or removed. The equation to find thermal energy is ΔEthermal = mcΔT (Where m = mass, c = specific heat, and ΔT is final minus initial temperature.

Thermal Energy

Indicated by a phase change of the substance when energy is added or removed. The equation for bond energy is ΔEbond = ΔmΔH (Where Δm = the change in mass, and ΔH is the heat capacity).

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